01
Isitjhugululi sokupholisa esifakwe emafutheni sokusetjenziselwa emabubulweni
Ukucaciswa komkhiqizo
Ilwazi eliyisisekelo
| I-ayithemu | Ukucaciswa |
| Imodeli yomkhiqizo | Isibonelo: S11-M-500/10, S13-R-1000/20, S15-H-2500/35 (S=Three-Phase; 11/13/15=Efficiency Class; M/R/H=Structural Type; Capacity kVA/HV kV) |
| Umthamo olinganisiweko (Sn) | 30kVA~5000kVA (ONAN: 100% umthamo olinganisiweko; ODAF: 130%; ODWF: 160%) |
| Isigaba/Imvamisa | Isigaba esithathu (esijwayelekileko); 50Hz/60Hz (±1% ukubekezelelana, kungenziwa ngokwezifiso ukusetjenziswa okukhethekileko kwe-400Hz) |
| Isiqhema sokuthintana | I-Dyn11 (okuzenzakalelayo yokusabalalisa), Yd11 (ye-transformer yamandla); Yyn0 (ngokuzikhethela) |
| Umhlobo wokupholisa | I-ONAN (i-Oyili yemvelo yomoya wemvelo) / i-ODAF (i-Oyili eqondiswe emoyeni) / i-ODWF (i-Oyili eqondiswe emanzini) |
Ubujamo bokusebenza nobujamo bebhoduluko
| Izinga lokutjhisa | -25°C~40°C (okujayelekileko); -40°C~45°C (amamodeli womtjhiso ophasi/wokutjhisa okuphezulu anamafutha atjhugululiweko). |
| Ukuphakama | ≤1000m (u-5% ophasi ku-1500m, 10% ku-3000m, 15% ku-4000m). |
| Ubumanzana | ≤90% @25°C (akukho ukufiphala); ≤50% @40°C. |
| Ukujamelana nokusikinyeka kwephasi | GB 50260-2013 / IEC 60076-11, 7-degree ukuqina (0.15g ukusheshisa); 8-degree okukhethwa kukho. |
| Iklasi yokuvikela | IP23 (ngaphandle, ithuli/imvula) / IP20 (ngaphakathi). |
Ukulahlekelwa nokuvimbela (amagugu ajwayelekileko ngeklasi yokusebenza kuhle)
| Iklasi yokusebenza kuhle | Ipharamitha | 500kVA/10kV Isibonelo | Isimo sokuhlolwa |
| S11 (IEC IE1) | Ukulahlekelwa okungenamthwalo (Po) | ≤810W | Ivoltheji/imvamisa elinganisiweko |
| Ukulahlekelwa mthwalo (Pk) | ≤5200W | I-current elinganisiweko, 75°C | |
| S13 (IEC IE2) | Ukulahlekelwa okungenamthwalo (Po) | ≤650W (20% ngaphasi kwe-S11) | Ivoltheji/imvamisa elinganisiweko |
| Ukulahlekelwa mthwalo (Pk) | ≤4800W | I-current elinganisiweko, 75°C | |
| S15 (IEC IE3) | Ukulahlekelwa okungenamthwalo (Po) | ≤520W (36% ngaphasi kwe-S11) | Ivoltheji/imvamisa elinganisiweko |
| Ukulahlekelwa mthwalo (Pk) | ≤4500W | I-current elinganisiweko, 75°C | |
| Woke amaKlasi | I-Impedance ye-Short-Circuit (Uk%) | 4%~6% (izinga le-10kV); 6%~8% (izinga le-35kV) | 75°C, ±10% ukubekezelela |
| I-No-Load Current (Io%) | ≤1.0% (30~250kVA); ≤0.6% (≥315kVA) | Ivoltheji elinganisiweko |
Ukuthobela ukusebenza kuhle: GB 20052-2024 Iklasi 2 (S11/S13) / Iklasi 1 (S15); IEC 60076-11 IE1/IE2/IE3
Isibonelo S13-500/10 Iimfanelo eziqakathekileko
| I-ayithemu | Ukusiza |
| Umthamo olinganisiweko | 500kVA |
| I-HV/LV Voltage/Current | 10kV/28.87A; 0.4kV/721.7A |
| Akukho-Umthwalo/Ukulahlekelwa Umthwalo | ≤650W / ≤4800W |
| I-Impedance yesekethe emfitjhani | 4.5% |
| Indlela yokupholisa | ITJA |
| Iinsetjenziswa eziqakathekileko | 30Q130 Silicon Steel |
| Iklasi yokuvikela | IP23 |
Ingenziwa ngendlela oyifunako malungana namavoltheji akhethekileko (isib., 6.3kV, 13.8kV), ukuphakama okukhulu (≥3000m), nofana ukuvikela ukuqhuma (Ex d IIB T4). Woke amapharamitha aqinisekiswe yi-SGS/Intertek.
Iinzuzo
1. Ukusebenza kuhle kokukhipha umtjhiso
Ukusebenzisa ukudlulisa okuphezulu kokutjhisa kwamafutha wokuvikela, itjhugululi idlulisela kuhle ukutjhisa okukhiqizwa ziikhoyili zangaphakathi kanye nama-core ethangini (namarediyetha wangaphandle). Lokhu kwenza bona kusebenze ngokuzinzileko ngitjho nanyana ngaphasi komthwalo omkhulu nofana ubujamo bokusebenza isikhathi eside, ukukhandela ukulimala kweengcenye okubangelwa kutjhisa khulu nokuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okungaguqukiko.
2. Ukusebenza okuhle khulu kokuvikela
I-oli yokuvikela ayiqedi ukutjhisa kwaphela kodwana ikhuphula ukuvikelwa kwegezi hlangana neengcenye zangaphakathi (isib., amakhoyili, iinsimbi). Ihlukanisa kuhle umoya, umswakama, nethuli, yehlisa ubungozi bokuvuza nofana amasekhethi amafitjhani. Inzuzo le yenza bona itjhugululi ithembeke khulu eendaweni ezinomswakama, ezinethuli, nofana ezimbi.
3. Amandla wokuthwala khulu
Isakhiwo esicwiliswe ngamafutha kanye nokusabalalisa ukutjhisa okulungisiweko kuvumela itransfoma bona ikwazi ukujamelana nokuthwala okukhulu kwesikhathi esifitjhani (isib., ukukhuphuka kwamandla okuzumako emkhiqizweni webubulo nofana ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kagesi okuphezulu kwabantu). Ikhono layo lokudosa nokusabalalisa ukutjhisa okudluleleko msinyana kunciphisa ukuwohloka kokusebenza, kubalekela ukuvalwa okungalindelekileko.
4. Isikhathi eside sokuphila
Ithangi lamafutha elivaliweko livikela iingcenye zangaphakathi ekugqwaleni kwangaphandle, ithuli, nokuguga kwemitjhini. Phezu kwalokho, i-oli yekhwalithi ephezulu yokuvikela igcina ukusebenza okuzinzileko ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, yehlisa ukuguga kwamakhoyili nezinto zokuvikela. Ipilo yokuklanywa kwetransfoma ivamise ukudlula iminyaka ema-20, lokho kwehlisa imvamisa yokutjhugululwa kwemitjhini.
5. Iimfuneko eziphasi zokulondoloza
Isakhiwo esivaliweko sehlisa ukuvezwa kwezinto ezisilaphazako zangaphandle, okwehlisa isidingo sokuhlanza ngaphakathi kanengi nofana ukutjhugululwa kweengcenye. Ukulungiswa okujayelekileko kufaka hlangana ukuhlolwa kwezinga lamafutha, ikhwalithi yamafutha, nokuqina kwamathangi—okwenza imisebenzi ibe lula begodu kunciphise iindleko zokulungisa isikhathi eside.
6. Ilungele izehlakalo zevoltheji ephezulu
Ngebanga lokuvikela kwayo okuhle khulu nokukhipha ukutjhisa, i-Oil-Immersed Transformer isetjenziswa khulu emagridini wamandla wevoltheji ephezulu, eentjalweni ezinkulu zebubulo, kanye namaphrojekthi womthangalasiseko (isib., ukudluliswa kwamandla hlangana nama-substations). Ihlangabezana namazinga aqinileko wokujamelana nevoltheji, ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla aphezulu okuphephileko nokusebenzako.
Ukutjengiswa komkhiqizo
Isibawo
I. Ihlelo lamandla: Iinsetjenziswa eziqakathekileko zokudlulisa nokusabalalisa ivoltheji ephezulu
Njengesisekelo samagridi wamandla, i-Oil-Immersed Transformer iqakathekile ekuguqulweni kwevoltheji nokudluliswa kwamandla, khulukhulu:
● Amanethiwekhi wokudlulisa amandla wevoltheji ephezulu: Isetjenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla amabanga amade hlangana namagridi wamandla wesifunda (isib., ukusuka eentjalweni zamandla ukuya eendaweni eziphakathi). Ukuvikela kwayo okuhle khulu nokukhutjhwa komtjhiso kwenza bona kusebenze ngokuzinzileko ngaphasi kwevoltheji ephezulu (110kV, 220kV, nofana ngitjho ne-500kV) kanye nomtjhini omkhulu, okwehlisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokudlulisa ibanga elide.
● Ukutjhugululwa kwevoltheji yesitetjhini esincani: Ifakwe eentetjhini ezincani eziphambili nezesibili, yehlisa amandla wevoltheji ephezulu (esuka emigqeni yokudlulisa) ukuya kuvoltheji ephakathi/ephansi (10kV, 0.4kV) ukusabalaliswa okulandelako kubasebenzisi bezebubulo neendawo zokuhlala, ukufanisa iimfuneko zevoltheji zabasebenzisi abahlukahlukeneko.
● Amanethiwekhi wokusabalalisa emadorobheni nemaphandleni: Eendaweni ezineemfuno eziphezulu zamandla namkha ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu (isib., iindawo zamabubulo ezisemadolobheni, amalokishi wemakhaya), ivumelana nemithwalo eguquguqukako kanye nobujamo bangaphandle obubudisi (ukutjhuguluka kwamazinga womtjhiso, umswakama), ukuqinisekisa ukunikelwa kwamandla okuthembekileko kubasebenzisi abahlakazekileko.
II. Umkhakha wamabubulo: Ukuphakelwa kwamandla okuthembekileko emisebenzini enzima
Ikhono layo lokujamelana nemithwalo emikhulu neendawo ezibudisi lenza bona ibe yikhetho elihle khulu eenkhathini zebubulo ezitlhoga amandla aragela phambili, aphezulu:
● Ibubulo elinzima nokukhiqiza: Isetjenziswa eensetjenzisweni zensimbi, eendaweni zamakhemikhali, kanye namafemu wemitjhini, inikela amandla emitjhini enamandla amakhulu (isib., ama-blast furnace, ama-reactor wamakhemikhali, imigqa yokukhiqiza). Ikhono layo elinamandla lokuthwala khulu lijamelana nokunyuka kwamandla okuzumako ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okuphezulu, ngesikhathi isakhiwo sayo esivaliweko sijamelana nethuli, amagesi avuvukako, nokudlidliza kwemitjhini.
● Ukusekela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla wamandla amatjha: Isetjenziswa eentjalweni zamandla welanga (PV) kanye namandla wommoya "njengamatjhuguluko wokukhuphuka". Ikhuphula igezi yevoltheji ephasi eyenziwa maphaneli we-PV nofana imitjhini yommoya ibe yivoltheji ephezulu, okwenza bona kube nokuhlanganiswa okuphumelelako kugridi yamandla welizwe—okuqakathekileko ekusetjenzisweni kwamandla amatjha ngobukhulu.
III. Iinsetjenziswa zomphakathi nezakhiwo ezikulu
Ebujameni bomphakathi obutlhoga ukuphakelwa kwamandla okuzinzileko, kwesikhathi eside nokutlhogonyelwa okuncani, kwamukelwa khulu:
● Izakhiwo ezinkulu zezokuthengisa nezomphakathi: Ifakwe ema-mall, emahotela, ezibhedlela, kanye neenkhumulo zeenqhema zeenqhema, inikela ngamandla aragela phambili wokupholisa umoya, ama-elevator, ukukhanyisa, kanye nemitjhini yezokwelapha. Isikhathi eside sayo sokusebenza (ngaphezu kweminyaka ema-20) kanye neendingo eziphasi zokutlhogonyelwa kwehlisa iindleko zokusebenza zabaphathi bezakhiwo.
● Amaziko wedatha: Amaziko wedatha asebenza 24/7 ngamandla aphezulu. Ukukhipha ukutjhisa okusebenzako kwe-Oil-Immersed Transformer kwehlisa umthwalo erherhweni lokupholisa (ukuphuma komtjhiso omncani = ukusetjenziswa kwamandla we-AC okuphasi), lokha ukuphakelwa kwamandla kwayo okuzinzileko kuvimbela ukungasebenzi kwamaseva namadivayisi wokugcina idatha.
● Iindawo zokuthutha: Isetjenziswa eentetjhini zesitimela esinejubane elikhulu, eenhlelweni zesitimela, kanye namachweba, isekela iindingo zamandla weenhlelo zesiginali, amandla wokudonsa (wezitimela), kanye nemitjhini yokuthutha. Ukujamelana kwayo nokutjhuguluka kwamazinga womtjhiso kanye nomswakama kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileko eendaweni zangaphandle nofana ezingaphandle.
IV. Iindawo ezikhethekileko ezinobudisi
Isakhiwo sayo esiqinileko esivaliweko nokujamelana nokugqwala kwenza bona ilungele ubujamo obubudisi:
● Imayini namafutha: Emigodini engaphasi kwehlabathi nofana emaphepheni wamafutha akude, lapho iindawo zinomswakama, zinethuli, nofana zivezwe eentweni ezibolako, i-oli yokuvikela ye-transformer kanye nethangi elivaliweko livikela iingcenye zangaphakathi ekulimaleni, ukuqinisekisa ukunikelwa kwamandla wemitjhini yemayini nofana imitjhini yokukhipha i-oli.
● Iinhlelo ezikude ezingaphandle kwegridi: Eendaweni ezikude (isib., imizana eneentaba, imiphakathi yeenhlengele) eneenhlelo zamandla ezijameleko (ezinikelwa amandla wamanzi amancani nofana amajeneretha wedizili), iimfuneko eziphasi zokulondolozwa kwetransfoma nesikhathi eside sokuphila kwehlisa isidingo sokulungiswa njalo endaweni, ukuqinisekisa amandla azinzileko wangamalanga.