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Transformer Inotonhodza Inonyudzwa Mumafuta Yekushandiswa Mumaindasitiri
Tsanangudzo yeChigadzirwa
Ruzivo Rwekutanga
| Chinhu | Tsanangudzo |
| Muenzaniso weChigadzirwa | Muenzaniso: S11-M-500/10, S13-R-1000/20, S15-H-2500/35 (S=Matanho Matatu; 11/13/15=Kirasi Yekushanda; M/R/H=Rudzi rweMaumbirwo; Kugona kVA/HV kV) |
| Kugona Kwakayerwa (Sn) | 30kVA~5000kVA (ONAN: kugona kwakazara 100%; ODAF: 130%; ODWF: 160%) |
| Chikamu/Kuwanda | Matatu-Phase (akajairika); 50Hz/60Hz (±1% kutsungirira, inogona kugadziriswa kushandiswa kwakakosha kwe400Hz) |
| Boka reKubatanidza | Dyn11 (yekugovera), Yd11 (ye transformer yemagetsi); Yyn0 (sarudzo) |
| Rudzi rwekutonhorera | ONAN (Oiri Yemhepo Yechisikigo) / ODAF (Inotungamirwa neOiri Yemhepo Inomanikidzwa) / ODWF (Inotungamirwa neOiri Yemvura Inomanikidzwa) |
Mamiriro Ekushanda & Ezvakatipoteredza
| Tembiricha yemhepo | -25℃~40℃ (yakajairwa); -40℃~45℃ (mhando dzekupisa kwakaderera/kupisa kwepamusoro dzine oiri yakagadziriswa). |
| Kukwira | ≤1000m (5% pa1500m, 10% pa3000m, 15% pa4000m). |
| Hunyoro | ≤90% @25℃ (hapana kutonhora); ≤50% @40℃. |
| Kuramba Kwekudengenyeka Kwepasi | GB 50260-2013 / IEC 60076-11, simba remadhigirii manomwe (0.15g acceleration); 8-degrees optional. |
| Kirasi yeDziviriro | IP23 (yekunze, inodzivirira guruva/mvura) / IP20 (yemukati). |
Kurasikirwa & Kusagadzikana (Maitiro Akajairika neKirasi Yekubudirira)
| Kirasi Yekushanda Zvakanaka | Paramita | Muenzaniso we500kVA/10kV | Mamiriro Ekuyedza |
| S11 (IEC IE1) | Kurasikirwa Nemutoro (Po) | ≤810W | Voltage/frequency yakayerwa |
| Kurasikirwa Nemutoro (Pk) | ≤5200W | Rated current, 75℃ | |
| S13 (IEC IE2) | Kurasikirwa Nemutoro (Po) | ≤650W (20% yakaderera pane S11) | Voltage/frequency yakayerwa |
| Kurasikirwa Nemutoro (Pk) | ≤4800W | Rated current, 75℃ | |
| S15 (IEC IE3) | Kurasikirwa Nemutoro (Po) | ≤520W (36% yakaderera pane S11) | Voltage/frequency yakayerwa |
| Kurasikirwa Nemutoro (Pk) | ≤4500W | Rated current, 75℃ | |
| Makirasi Ese | Kuvharirwa Kwemadenderedzwa Mapfupi (UK%) | 4%~6% (10kV level); 6%~8% (35kV level) | 75℃, ± 10% kushivirira |
| Hapana Mutoro Wazvino (Io%) | ≤1.0% (30 ~ 250kVA); ≤0.6% (≥315kVA) | Vheji yakayerwa |
Kutevedzera Kushanda Nesimba: GB 20052-2024 Kirasi 2 (S11/S13) / Kirasi 1 (S15); IEC 60076-11 IE1/IE2/IE3
Muenzaniso S13-500/10 Magadzirirwo Akakosha
| Chinhu | Kukosha |
| Kugona Kwakayerwa | 500kVA |
| HV/LV Voltage/Yazvino | 10kV/28.87A; 0.4kV/721.7A |
| Kurasikirwa Nemutoro/Mutoro | ≤650W / ≤4800W |
| Kuvharirwa Kwemadenderedzwa Mapfupi | 4.5% |
| Nzira Yokutonhodza | VECHIDIKI |
| Zvinhu Zvikuru | 30Q130 Simbi yeSilicon |
| Kirasi yeDziviriro | IP23 |
Inogona kugadziriswa kune zvinodiwa zvemagetsi chaiwo (semuenzaniso, 6.3kV, 13.8kV), yakakwirira-yakakwirira (≥3000m), kana kuti inodzivirira kuputika (Ex d IIB T4). Maparamita ese akasimbiswa neSGS/Intertek.
Zvakanakira
1. Kushanda Nesimba Kwekupisa
Ichishandisa mafuta anodziisa kupisa kwakanyanya, transformer inoendesa kupisa kunobva mumakoiri emukati nemacores kutangi (nema radiator ekunze). Izvi zvinoita kuti ishande zvakanaka kunyangwe iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara kana kuti ichishanda kwenguva refu, ichidzivirira kukuvara kunokonzerwa nekupisa kwakanyanya uye ichivimbisa kuti simba rinobuda nguva dzose.
2. Kushanda Kwakanaka Kwekudzivirira
Oiri inodziisa moto haingoparadzi kupisa chete asiwo inowedzera kuvharwa kwemagetsi pakati pezvikamu zvemukati (semuenzaniso, macoil, iron cores). Inobvisa mhepo, hunyoro, uye guruva zvinobudirira, ichideredza njodzi yekubuda kwemvura kana mashort circuits. Izvi zvinoita kuti transformer ive yakavimbika zvikuru munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, guruva, kana kuti dzakaoma dzemaindasitiri.
3. Kukwanisa Kutakura Zvakawandisa Kwakasimba
Chimiro chakanyudzwa mumafuta uye kupiswa kwakanaka kunoita kuti transformer ikwanise kutsungirira kuwandisa kwenguva pfupi (semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwesimba mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kana kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemagetsi ehurumende). Kugona kwayo kupinza nekudzima kupisa kwakanyanya kunoderedza kudzikira kwekushanda, zvichidzivirira kudzimwa kusingatarisirwi.
4. Hupenyu Hurefu hwebasa
Tangi remafuta rakavharwa rinodzivirira zvikamu zvemukati kubva mukuora kwekunze, guruva, uye kusakara kwemuchina. Pamusoro pezvo, mafuta ekudzivirira emhando yepamusoro anochengetedza kushanda kwakasimba nekufamba kwenguva, zvichideredza kukwegura kwemakoiri nezvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa. Hupenyu hwekugadzira kwetransformer hunowanzo pfuura makore makumi maviri, zvichideredza kuwanda kwekutsiviwa kwemidziyo.
5. Zvinodiwa Zvishoma zveKugadzirisa
Chivako chakavharwa chinoderedza kusangana nezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvekunze, zvichideredza kudiwa kwekuchenesa mukati kana kutsiviwa kwezvikamu. Kugadzirisa nguva dzose kunongoda kuongororwa nguva nenguva kwehuwandu hwemafuta, mhando yemafuta, uye kuoma kwetangi—zvichiita kuti mashandiro ave nyore uye kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa kwenguva refu.
6. Yakakodzera Mamiriro Ezvinhu Ane Voltage Yakawanda
Nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo kupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzima kupisa, Oil-Immersed Transformer inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagrid emagetsi ane voltage yakawanda, mafekitori makuru emaindasitiri, uye mapurojekiti ezvivakwa (semuenzaniso, kutapurirana kwesimba pakati penzvimbo dzemagetsi). Inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekudzivirira voltage, ichivimbisa kutapurirana kwakachengeteka uye kunoshanda zvakanaka kwesimba remagetsi.
Kuratidzwa Kwechigadzirwa
Kushandiswa
I. Sisitimu yeMagetsi: Midziyo Yepakati Yekutumira & Kugovera Mavhiri Akawanda
Sechikosha chekugadzira magridi emagetsi, Transformer inonyudzwa muOiri inokosha pakushandura magetsi uye kutapurirana kwesimba, kunyanya mu:
● Manetwork ekutumira simba ane voltage yakawanda: Anoshandiswa mukutumira simba kure pakati pemagrid emagetsi emunharaunda (semuenzaniso, kubva kumaplanti emagetsi kuenda kuma substations ari pakati). Kudzivirira kwayo kwakanaka uye kupisa kunogonesa kushanda kwakasimba pasi pe voltage yakakwira (110kV, 220kV, kana kunyange 500kV) uye magetsi makuru, zvichideredza kurasikirwa kwesimba panguva yekutumira simba kure.
● Kuchinja kwemagetsi ezviteshi zvemagetsi: Yakaiswa muzviteshi zvemagetsi zvekutanga nezvechipiri, inodzikisa simba remagetsi rine simba guru (kubva pamitsetse yekutumira) kuenda kumagetsi epakati/akaderera (10kV, 0.4kV) kuti igoverwe kune vashandisi vemaindasitiri nenzvimbo dzekugara, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemagetsi evashandisi vakasiyana.
● Nzvimbo dzekugovera magetsi mumaguta nemumaruwa: Kune nzvimbo dzine magetsi akawanda anodiwa kana kuti dzine nzvimbo yakakura (semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dziri mumaguta, mataundi ekumaruwa), dzinochinjika kumamiriro ezvinhu anochinja-chinja uye mamiriro ekunze akaoma (kuchinja kwetembiricha, hunyoro), zvichiita kuti magetsi avimbike kune vashandisi vakapararira.
II. Chikamu Chemaindasitiri: Simba Rinovimbika Rekushanda Nesimba Rakawanda
Kukwanisa kwayo kutsungirira mitoro yakakwira uye nharaunda dzakaoma kunoita kuti ive sarudzo yepamusoro kune maindasitiri ane simba rinogara richidikanwa:
● Maindasitiri makuru nekugadzira: Inoshandiswa mumafekitori esimbi, mafekitori emakemikari, uye mafekitori emuchina, inopa simba kumidziyo ine simba guru (semuenzaniso, maovheni ekuputika, ma reactor emakemikari, mitsetse yekugadzira). Kukwanisa kwayo kuremedza simba kunokwanisa kutsungirira kukwira kwesimba kamwe kamwe panguva yekugadzira kwakanyanya, nepo chimiro chayo chakavharwa chinodzivirira guruva, magasi anoparadza, uye kudedera kwemuchina.
● Kugadzira simba idzva rinotsigira: Rinoshandiswa muzviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa simba rezuva (PV) nemhepo se "step-up transformers". Rinowedzera simba remagetsi rinobva kumapaneru ePV kana maturbine emhepo kusvika pamagetsi akakwira, zvichiita kuti rishande zvakanaka mugrid remagetsi renyika—zvakakosha pakushandiswa kwesimba idzva guru.
III. Zvivakwa zveVagari neZvivako Zvikuru
Panyaya dzemagariro evanhu dzinoda magetsi akasimba uye asingagari kwenguva refu uye asingashandiswi zvakanyanya, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu:
● Zvivako zvikuru zvemabhizinesi neveruzhinji: Zvakavakwa muzvitoro zvikuru, mahotera, zvipatara, nendege, zvinopa simba rinogara riripo remhepo inotonhodza, maelevator, mwenje, uye michina yekurapa. Nguva yayo refu yekushanda (anopfuura makore makumi maviri) uye zvinodiwa zvishoma zvekugadzirisa zvinoderedza mari yekushanda kwevatariri vezvivakwa.
● Nzvimbo dzeData: Nzvimbo dzeData dzinoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo, mazuva manomwe pasvondo, uye simba rakawanda. Kupisa kwakanyanya kweTransformer inonyudzwa muOiri kunoderedza mutoro wesystem yekutonhodza (kupisa kushoma = kushandiswa kwesimba shoma reAC), ukuwo simba rayo rakagadzikana richidzivirira nguva yekudzima kwemaseva nemidziyo yekuchengetera data.
● Nzvimbo dzekutakura: Dzinoshandiswa muzviteshi zvechitima zvinomhanya zvakanyanya, masisitimu epasi pevhu, uye madoko, inotsigira zvinodiwa nemagetsi emasisitimu ezviratidzo, simba rekubata (rezvitima), uye michina yekufambisa. Kusagadzikana kwayo nekuchinja-chinja kwekushisa nehunyoro kunoita kuti ishande zvakanaka munzvimbo dzekunze kana dzekunze.
IV. Nzvimbo Dzakakosha Dzakaoma
Chimiro chayo chakasimba chakavharwa uye kuramba kwayo ngura zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma:
● Migodhi yekuchera nemafuta: Mumigodhi yepasi pevhu kana migodhi yemafuta iri kure, uko nzvimbo dzine hunyoro, guruva, kana kuti dzine zvinhu zvinoparadza, mafuta e transformer anochengetedza ngura netangi rakavharirwa zvinodzivirira zvikamu zvemukati kubva mukukuvadzwa, zvichiita kuti magetsi apiwe kumichina yekuchera kana michina yekuburitsa mafuta.
● Masisitimu ari kure asina grid: Kune nzvimbo dziri dzoga (semuenzaniso, misha ine makomo, nharaunda dzezvitsuwa) dzine masisitimu emagetsi akazvimiririra (anoshandiswa nemajenareta madiki emagetsi emvura kana edhiziri), zvinodiwa zve transformer kugadzirisa zvishoma uye hupenyu hurefu zvinoderedza kudiwa kwekugadzirisa nguva nenguva panzvimbo, zvichiita kuti simba remagetsi rigare rakasimba zuva nezuva.